結構件指的是具(ju)有一定(ding)形狀(zhuang)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)，并(bing)能(neng)(neng)夠承受載荷(he)的作(zuo)用(yong)的構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)(jian)，稱(cheng)為結構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)(jian)。如：經過吊(diao)裝、拼砌(qi)和(he)安裝就能(neng)(neng)構(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)橋梁(liang)和(he)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)物(wu)實體的各種(zhong)鋼筋混泥(ni)土的結構(gou)(gou)(gou)物(wu)件(jian)(jian)砌(qi)塊、水(shui)泥(ni)管塊建筑物(wu)的水(shui)泥(ni)預制板和(he)支(zhi)柱(zhu)、機器(qi)的底(di)座、電器(qi)產品的外殼及(ji)內(nei)(nei)部的支(zhi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)、飛機內(nei)(nei)部的骨架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)、家具(ju)的框架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)等(deng)等(deng)。在(zai)建筑或(huo)土木工(gong)程行業所(suo)稱(cheng)的結構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)(jian)是用(yong)某種(zhong)材料制成(cheng)的，具(ju)有一定(ding)形狀(zhuang)，并(bing)能(neng)(neng)夠承受載荷(he)的實體。如，支(zhi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)、框架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)、內(nei)(nei)部的骨架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)及(ji)支(zhi)撐定(ding)位(wei)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)等(deng)，加工(gong)完成(cheng)的工(gong)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)應用(yong)的角(jiao)度上可(ke)稱(cheng)為結構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)(jian)。結構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)(jian)需經過二次加工(gong)工(gong)序的也可(ke)稱(cheng)為加工(gong)件(jian)(jian)。

結(jie)構件(jian)強(qiang)度高、抗(kang)剝(bo)離、耐沖擊、施(shi)工工藝簡便。用(yong)于金屬、陶(tao)瓷、塑料、橡膠、木材(cai)等同(tong)種材(cai)料或者(zhe)不同(tong)種材(cai)料之(zhi)間(jian)的粘接。可(ke)部分代(dai)替焊(han)接、鉚(liu)接、螺栓(shuan)連接等傳(chuan)統連接形式。結(jie)合面(mian)應力(li)分布均勻，對(dui)零件(jian)無熱影響和變形。